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Wound Care at Home: Cleaning Simple Skin Wounds

For small, superficial wounds such as minor scrapes, shallow cuts, or mild hot spots, gentle home care can help keep the area clean while the skin heals.

Safely Clearing Fur Around the Wound

If fur is covering the wound, safety comes first. Never use scissors to cut away matted fur, as this is a very common cause of accidental skin injury. If you have pet clippers, you may carefully clip the hair around (not directly over) the wound. If you do not have clippers, use a wet towel to gently wipe the area clean

Cleaning the Wound

Clean the wound once or twice daily. Rinse with lukewarm water to remove debris, then gently cleanse using either dilute dish soap (such as Ivory or Dawn) or a diluted chlorhexidine solution such as Hibiclens — available over the counter at most human pharmacies. Use clean gauze or a soft cloth and avoid aggressive scrubbing. If dish soap is used, rinse thoroughly. Dry completely by gently patting with a clean towel or gauze. Moisture trapped in the fur or skin can slow healing and increase the risk of infection.

Triple Antibiotic Ointment (Dogs Only

A triple antibiotic ointment can be applied to a clean, dry wound in dogs. It typically contains Bacitracin, Neomycin, and Polymyxin B, providing broad antibacterial coverage for minor cuts, scrapes, and abrasions. Choose a formulation without added steroids, anesthetics, or pain relievers (such as lidocaine, benzocaine, or hydrocortisone). Apply only a thin layer and always use a lick-prevention device if needed. Triple antibiotic ointments are appropriate only for simple, superficial wounds — not for deep, full-thickness wounds, punctures, or bite wounds.

When to Seek Veterinary Care

Simple wounds should improve quickly — often within 24 to 48 hours — with decreasing redness, irritation, and discharge. If the wound worsens instead of improving, have your pet seen right away. Full-thickness wounds should always be evaluated immediately. This includes wounds that are deep or gaping, those where underlying tissue or fat is visible, wounds that continue to bleed, bite wounds or punctures (due to increased risk of infection), or wounds associated with increasing swelling, heat, pain, discharge, foul odor, lethargy, or decreased appetite. When in doubt, please reach out — we are always happy to help.

Recommended Supplements: What to Know First

Many supplements used in veterinary medicine are classified as nutraceuticals, meaning they are not regulated in the same way as prescription medications are. This creates a “wild west” environment in pet products, where quality, accuracy, and dosing consistency vary widely. The supplements listed below are ones we recommend because they have data-driven support, appropriate formulation, and reliable manufacturing standards. With supplements, brands matter.

Joint & Mobility Support

Adequan (Prescription) — When joint disease is moderate to advanced, Adequan is often the most effective option. Unlike supplements, Adequan is a prescription injectable medication with strong data behind it. It works at the level of the joint itself — protecting cartilage, reducing destructive enzymes, and improving joint fluid quality. Administered by injection, it bypasses the gastrointestinal tract entirely for reliable absorption at therapeutic levels. Adequan is often used as a foundation therapy for joint disease.
Myos — A muscle health supplement (fortetropin) derived from fertilized egg yolk that supports muscle mass and strength. Especially important for senior pets, pets with arthritis, and those recovering from injury or surgery.
Dasuquin / Cosequin — Glucosamine and chondroitin are among the most widely studied joint supplements in veterinary medicine. These products provide consistent, bioavailable formulations that support cartilage health and joint lubrication. They work best when given consistently over time and early in the disease process.
GlycoFlex (Type II Collagen) — Works differently than glucosamine and chondroitin by modulating immune signaling within joints to reduce inappropriate inflammation. Typically used instead of, not in addition to, glucosamine and chondroitin.
ElleVet — Hemp-derived CBD products formulated specifically for veterinary use, with some of the strongest safety and efficacy data currently available in pets. May help reduce pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis.
New Zealand Green-Lipped Mussel Extract — Shows promise for joint and mobility support due to its naturally occurring omega-3 fatty acids and anti-inflammatory compounds. Optimal dosing is not yet clearly established — we will provide updated recommendations as more data becomes available.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Fish Oil)

Recommended brands: Bayer Free Form Fatty Acids (Snip Tips) and Nordic Naturals. Omega-3 fatty acids play an important role in joint health, skin support, inflammation control, cognitive aging, and kidney disease management. We use dosing guidelines from Colorado State University, which focus on the combined milligrams of EPA and DHA rather than total oil volume. Fish oil should always be increased slowly to avoid diarrhea.

Anxiety & Stress Support

ElleVet Calm — May help reduce anxiety without causing sedation. Useful during recovery from surgery, environmental changes, or noise aversion.
Zylkene — A milk-derived supplement that supports relaxation by acting on natural calming pathways in the brain. Well tolerated and a good option for mild to moderate anxiety.
VetriScience Calm & Confident — Combines calming nutraceuticals including L-Theanine, Thiamine, and Colostrum Calming Complex. Commonly used for travel anxiety, veterinary visits, or routine changes.
VetriScience Golden Years Calm & Confident (Senior Dogs) — A senior-specific formulation for nighttime restlessness, pacing, increased vocalization, and sensitivity to routine changes in older dogs.

Vision & Eye Health

Ocu-Glo — Recommended for ocular support in pets with cataracts or age-related eye changes. Contains antioxidants and nutrients that may help reduce oxidative stress within the eye. While supplements cannot reverse cataracts, Ocu-Glo may help support ocular health and slow progression in some patients.

Cognitive Dysfunction & Sleep Regulation

Melatonin — Can be helpful for senior pets experiencing cognitive decline, particularly when sleep-wake cycles become disrupted. Dosing and timing should be guided by your veterinarian.

Liver Support

Denamarin — A well-studied liver support supplement combining SAMe and silybin. Supports liver cell health, antioxidant activity, and detoxification pathways. Commonly recommended for pets with liver disease or elevated liver enzymes.

Kidney Disease Support

Diet and targeted supplements are the mainstay of preserving remaining kidney function. Bedford Animal Hospital uses IRIS (International Renal Interest Society) staging to tailor recommendations based on disease severity and laboratory targets.
Prescription Renal Diets — The best-studied diets include Hill’s k/d, Purina NF, and Royal Canin Renal. Rotating between multiple prescription renal diets is often the most successful long-term strategy for selective eaters.
Phosphate Binders — Added when serum phosphorus remains above IRIS target ranges. We commonly use Phos-Bind, mixed with meals.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids — Recommended early in kidney disease (IRIS Stage 1 or 2) for dogs, for their potential to reduce inflammation and improve renal blood flow.
Hydration Support — Purina Hydra Care is a palatable, nutrient-enriched liquid designed to encourage voluntary fluid intake in cats.
Potassium Supplementation — Low potassium is common in feline CKD. When indicated, we frequently recommend Renal K+.
Alkali Therapy — Used when bloodwork confirms low bicarbonate (total CO2). Potassium citrate or sodium bicarbonate is selected based on concurrent potassium levels.
Probiotics — Commonly used from IRIS Stage 2 through Stage 4. We recommend FortiFlora ProSA, Proviable, or Visbiome.

Cancer Support (Adjunctive, Case-Dependent)

I’mmunity — Contains lion’s mane mushroom extract, being studied for immune-modulating effects. Use is case-dependent and not appropriate for every cancer type.
Yunnan Baiyao — Most commonly used to help manage bleeding risk associated with certain tumors, particularly those prone to spontaneous hemorrhage.

Immune Support in Cats with Respiratory Disease

VetriScience Lysine Chews — Research on lysine supplementation in cats with upper respiratory disease is mixed. While definitive benefit has not been proven, lysine is considered safe and is often recommended as a low-risk option for cats prone to respiratory flare-ups.

Skin & Coat Support

Dermaquin — Supports skin barrier function and coat health using essential fatty acids and antioxidants. Commonly recommended for pets with chronic skin disease or poor coat quality.
Wellactin — Another excellent option for skin and coat support, providing a consistent, veterinary-formulated source of omega-3 fatty acids.

Antihistamines Commonly Tried at Home (Not Supplements)

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and Cetirizine (Zyrtec) are medications, not supplements, but are commonly tried at home for mild allergy symptoms. Antihistamines are not well tolerated in cats. In dogs, diphenhydramine is effective in approximately 30% of mild allergy cases; cetirizine performs slightly better at about 50%. These medications must be given in plain formulations only — combination products or those containing decongestants can be toxic to dogs.

Gastrointestinal Disease

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) — Recommended after testing confirms deficiency, common in pets with chronic intestinal disease or malabsorption syndromes. Injectable B12 is typically absorbed more reliably and is often preferred in moderate to severe disease.
Folate — Evaluated through bloodwork and supplemented only when abnormalities are identified.
Probiotics — A cornerstone of supportive care for pets with GI disease. Our preferred probiotic is FortiFlora ProSA. Other well-researched options include Proviable and Visbiome.
Constipation Support / MiraLAX (Cats) — MiraLAX (polyethylene glycol 3350) is a gentle, effective option for cats experiencing constipation. Typical starting dose is 1/8 teaspoon mixed into food twice daily, adjusted as needed.
Endosorb — A non-medicated adsorbent used to help manage acute, simple diarrhea in dogs. Available at the hospital for pick-up at any time.

A Final Note on Supplements & Medications: Supplements and over-the-counter medications can be valuable tools when chosen thoughtfully and used correctly, but more is not always better. The right product, at the right dose, from a trusted manufacturer matters far more than the number of products being given. If you are ever unsure what is appropriate for your pet, we are happy to help guide you.

Nail Trimming at Home: Dogs & Cats

Nail trimming is an important part of your pet’s overall comfort and mobility — but it’s also a learned skill for both pets and people. Nail trims are often no less stressful for pets in the veterinary setting than they are at home. Our goal is to help you approach nail care in a way that prioritizes safety, reduces stress, and improves long-term success

How-To Guide for Dogs:

What You’ll Need: Dog nail clippers or a nail grinder (Dremel), styptic powder or cornstarch (in case of bleeding), high-value treats, and good lighting (headlamps work great).
Understanding the Nail: Each nail contains a blood vessel and nerve called the quick. Trimming too close to the quick can cause pain and bleeding. In light-colored nails, the quick is often visible (the pink part in the center); in dark nails it is not — so trimming small amounts at a time is essential.
How to Trim: Choose a calm, quiet time and environment. Gently but securely hold the paw. Trim small amounts at a time, angling slightly downward. Stop if you see a chalky white center or a darker dot — this means you’re close to the quick. Reward frequently and take breaks. If bleeding occurs, apply styptic powder or cornstarch with gentle pressure for 30–60 seconds.
Helpful Tips: Frequent, small trims help the quick recede over time. Nail grinders can be useful but may be frightening for some dogs. It’s always okay to stop and try again another day

Guide for Cats

Cats generally need nail trims every 2–4 weeks, especially indoor cats. Pick a calm moment — after eating or during a nap often works well. Gently press on the digital toe pad with your thumb and forefinger to extend the nail. Trim only the sharp curved tip, staying well in front of the pink quick. Start with just one or two nails and build tolerance gradually. Many cats do best sitting in a lap or with a gentle towel wrap.

An Important Reminder

Nail trimming is training, not just grooming. “Fighting through it,” pinning pets down, or forcing restraint may get nails trimmed once — but it almost always leads to worsening fear and escalation over time. We strongly recommend slow, steady, reward-based training at home. For pets who struggle significantly, we frequently prescribe pre-appointment anti-anxiety medications for nail trims.

Training at Home: Slow and Steady

Start with gentle paw and nail handling, pairing each interaction with food, praise, or play. Gradually progress to holding clippers, touching nails with them, and eventually trimming. Never “work through” a fight. This process may take days to weeks — and that’s completely appropriate.

An Alternative Option: Emery Board Training

For dogs who refuse traditional nail trimming, some do very well learning to use a homemade emery board — such as sandpaper securely attached to a board or scratching-post-style surface — to naturally file their nails. This method allows voluntary participation and can significantly reduce stress. Our team can help you decide whether this option is appropriate.

When to Ask for Help

Please contact us if nail trims are consistently stressful or unsafe, nails are breaking, bleeding, or causing limping, or your pet shows significant fear or aggression. We’re always happy to help with referrals to qualified groomers or behavior professionals, medication and herbal support, and sedated in-hospital nail trims. Nail care should never be traumatic — for you or your pet.

Bland Diets & Gastrointestinal Support (Dogs & Cats)

Dogs

A bland diet is commonly recommended as a first-line nutritional approach following illness, surgery, or uncomplicated vomiting and diarrhea (gastroenteritis). These diets are designed to be gentle, easy to digest, and supportive while the gastrointestinal tract recovers. They are also meant to be temporary.
We typically recommend a 50:50 ratio of carbohydrate to protein. Common protein options include lean ground meats (such as chicken, turkey, or beef with excess fat drained). Carbohydrate sources may include plain white rice, pasta, or boiled potatoes. All ingredients should be fully cooked and prepared without added seasonings, butter, or oils.
Because a bland diet is less calorie-dense than most commercial diets, we typically recommend feeding approximately double your pet’s normal food volume while on the bland diet. For example, if your dog normally eats 1 cup per meal, feed approximately 2 cups of the bland diet per meal.
For additional support in simple gastroenteritis cases, we often recommend FortiFlora® Pro SA. Other high-quality probiotic options include Proviable® and Visbiome®. You can purchase these at our office or through our online pharmacy at any time.
We also offer Endosorb® for dogs experiencing mild, uncomplicated gastrointestinal signs at home. Endosorb is an oral gastrointestinal protectant that works by binding toxins, bacteria, and inflammatory byproducts in the gut. For additional fiber support, plain canned pumpkin may be helpful for some dogs and should be introduced in small amounts.
Transition Schedule: Feed the bland diet exclusively for 2–3 days, then transition back over 3 additional days. Day 1: mostly bland diet with a small amount of regular food. Day 2: 50% bland / 50% regular. Day 3: mostly regular food with a small amount of bland diet. If symptoms return, slow the transition — sometimes extending the return to a normal diet over up to one week.
This bland diet is not complete or balanced and is not intended for long-term feeding (generally no more than 1–2 weeks). If your dog appears to do better on home-prepared food long term, a veterinary nutrition consultation is recommended.

Cats

Cooking for cats at home can be challenging, and cats often do not tolerate home-prepared bland diets as well as dogs. In cases of intestinal upset, we typically recommend a prescription gastrointestinal diet rather than home-cooked options. Probiotics such as FortiFlora® Pro SA, Proviable®, and Visbiome® are also commonly recommended for cats with mild gastrointestinal upset — we find most cats like the taste of FortiFlora Pro SA best.

When to Seek Veterinary Care

For both dogs and cats, any gastrointestinal signs that persist longer than 24 hours, worsen, or are accompanied by poor appetite, lethargy, pain, dehydration, or changes in attitude should prompt a veterinary appointment. A physical exam is important to assess overall comfort and hydration, and to determine whether additional diagnostics or treatment are needed.